Trimetazidine and Sun Yang

After the National Swimming Championship on May 17, 2014, Sun Yang was found to have used the banned substance "trimetazidine" in urine test, and then was banned for three months. In 2019, the international sports arbitration court (CAS) announced the arbitration result of Sun Yang's case of "violent resistance to inspection" - Sun Yang will be suspended for 8 years!
So what kind of medicine is trimetazidine?
In January 2014, trimetazidine was added to the Anti Doping list by WADA, because it belongs to stimulant, which can improve the performance of athletes by improving the heart blood supply capacity and metabolic efficiency. Studies have shown that trimetazidine has an optimal effect on the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle cells similar to that of myocardium. This drug can significantly improve the exercise tolerance of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy by improving the utilization efficiency of oxygen in myocardium and skeletal muscle (the heart needs more oxygen during exercise). However, there are drugs based on therapeutic use on the market containing the substance, so it is listed as a special substance, that is, it is prohibited to use in the games.
Trimetazidine can protect the energy metabolism of cells under the condition of hypoxia or ischemia, improve the level of ATP content in cells, so as to ensure the normal function of ion pump and the normal operation of sodium potassium flow through membrane, and maintain the stability of cell environment.
Ischemic cardiomyopathy is a common disease in cardiovascular medicine. For patients, it is the main way to improve the quality of life, or even extend the length of life, to regulate the use of drugs to inhibit myocardial remodeling and maintain cardiac function. For a long time, trimetazidine has been regarded as a routine drug for ischemic cardiomyopathy. It can improve the utilization efficiency of glucose, lactate and so on in the heart muscle, and then play an effective protective role of myocardial cells. More importantly, the drug has long-lasting efficacy and high bioavailability. The combination of β receptor blocker can strengthen the efficacy and reverse the remodeling of myocardial structure, so it is widely used as a conventional drug.
Trimetazidine Dosage
Oral, 3 times a day, 1 tablet (20MG) each time, three meals. after three months, evaluate the therapeutic effect. If there is no therapeutic effect, discontinue the drug.
Side Effect

Rrare gastrointestinal discomfort (nausea, vomiting). As the auxiliary materials contain sunset yellow FCFS (E110) and carmine a (E124), allergic reactions may occur.